Surgical Orthodontics

What is surgical orthodontics?

Surgical orthodontics also is known as orthognathic surgery. It is performed to alleviate bite problems or jaw alignment and is performed in cooperation with a patient's orthodontist or oral maxillofacial surgeon. This surgery can improve a patient’s chewing, breathing and speaking capabilities, as well as facial appearance. (source: http://www.graysurgery.com/Media/Glossary.aspx)

Who needs surgical orthodontics?

An orthodontist considers surgical orthodontics for adult patients with improper bites and facial aesthetic concerns who have reached physical maturity. Jaw growth usually is completed by age 16 for girls and 18 for boys. It is important that all growth be completed before jaw surgery is performed. However, pre-surgical tooth movements can begin one to two years earlier.

How does it work?

A patient wears braces and visits the orthodontist for routine adjustments during orthodontic treatment. As the braces move the teeth, it may feel as though the bite is getting worse, rather than improving. However, once orthognathic surgery places the jaws into proper alignment, the teeth will fit properly into position.

Orthognathic surgery is performed by an oral surgeon in a hospital. It can take several hours, depending on the amount and type of surgery needed.

Lower jaw surgery requires separating jawbone behind the teeth and moving the tooth-bearing portion of the jawbone backward or forward as needed. In upper jaw surgery, the jaw can be lowered, raised or repositioned backward or forward. Certain movements may require the jaws to be separated, with bone added or removed to achieve proper alignment and stability. Other facial bones that contribute to alignment may also be augmented or repositioned.

It will take about two weeks to return to work or school after surgery, and between four and eight weeks to heal. After that, the orthodontist will make minor adjustments to the patient’s bite. Braces usually are removed within six to 12 months after surgery. Once the braces are removed, a retainer is worn by the patient to maintain proper alignment.